Northern Song Dynasty (960- 1127)

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In 960, Zhao Kuangyi, a general of later Zhou, led a political reformation in his road to conquer the northern area. In this reformation, the emperor of Later Zhou gave up the ruling power. Zhao built up s new dynasty called Northern Song Dynasty. Northern Song Dynasty, 960 – 1127, was built by Zhao Kuangyi with the capital of Kaifeng. The building of the Northern Song Dynasty was a symbol of unifying the broken situation since Tang Dynasty. The ruling area spread from the middle and lower reaches of Yellow River and the southern area of is as well. In 1127, Jin army invaded Kaifeng. And the Southern Song Dynasty was in its end.

Emperor Taizu of Song unified China by military power during his reign, ending the upheaval of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period.

♦ Northern Song Dynasty Timetable

Temple Names (Miao HaoMiào Hào)	Born Names	Period of Reigns	Era Names (Nian Hao) and their according range of years
Taizu (Tàizǔ)	Zhao Kuangyin (Zhào Kuāngyìn)	960-976	Jianlong (Jiànlóng) 960-963 Qiande (Qiándé) 963-968 Kaibao (Kāibǎo) 968-976
Taizong (Tàizōng)	Zhao Kuangyi (Zhào Kuāngyì) or Zhao Guangyi (Zhào Guāngyì)	976-997	Taipingxingguo (Tàipíngxīngguó) 976-984 Yongxi (Yōngxī) 984-987 Duangong (Duāngǒng) 988-989 Chunhua (Chúnhuà) 990-994 Zhidao (Zhìdào) 995-997
Zhenzong (Zhēnzōng)	Zhao Heng (Zhào Héng)	997-1022	Xianping (Xiánpíng) 998-1003 Jingde (Jǐngdé) 1004–1007 Dazhongxiangfu (Dàzhōngxiángfú) 1008–1016 Tianxi (Tiānxǐ) 1017–1021 Qianxing (Qiánxīng) 1022
Renzong (Rénzōng)	Zhao Zhen (Zhào Zhēn)	1022–1063	Tiansheng (Tiānshèng) 1023–1032 Mingdao (Míngdào) 1032–1033 Jingyou (Jǐngyòu) 1034–1038 Baoyuan (Bǎoyuán) 1038–1040 Kangding (Kāngdìng) 1040–1041 Qingli (Qìnglì) 1041–1048 Huangyou (Huángyòu) 1049–1054 Zhihe (Zhìhé) 1054–1056 Jiayou (Jiāyòu) 1056–1063
Yingzong (Yīngzōng)	Zhao Shu (Zhào Shù)	1063–1067	Zhiping (Zhìpíng) 1064–1067
Shenzong (Shénzōng)	Zhao Xu (Zhào Xū)	1067–1085	Xining (Xīníng) 1068–1077 Yuanfeng (Yuánfēng) 1078–1085
Zhezong (Zhézōng)	Zhao Xu (Zhào Xǔ)	1085–1100	Yuanyou (Yuányòu) 1086–1094 Shaosheng (Shàoshèng) 1094–1098 *Yuanfu (Yuánfú) 1098–1100
Huizong (Huīzōng)	Zhao Ji (Zhào Jí)	1100–1125	Jianzhongjingguo (Jiànzhōngjìngguó) 1101 Chongning (Chóngníng) 1102–1106 Daguan (Dàguān) 1107–1110 Zhenghe (Zhènghé) 1111–1118 Chonghe (Chónghé) 1118–1119 Xuanhe (Xuānhé) 1119–1125
Qinzong (Qīnzōng)	Zhao Huan (Zhào Huán)	1126–1127	Jingkang (Jìngkāng) 1125–1127

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